FRANKFURT, GERMANY -- Linux evangelists are keeping the faith, even when it comes to the elusive Holy Grail of the open-source operating system: taking a significant chunk of the desktop market.

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The news has not been good since this time last year. Companies seeking to make a profit from desktop applications have closed or spun off their Linux operations, and big-name backer Dell Computer cancelled an offer for Linux-enabled desktop and laptop machines.

But attendees here at the Frankfurt LinuxWorld Conference and Expo refuse to give up. Ask a random sample and you'll find about half say they use Linux on their own home or office machines and would recommend it to others. These people are, of course, the hard core -- can Linux for the desktop still catch on in the wider world?

Absolutely, said Linux consultant Peter Ganten.

"Four or five years ago, people were writing that Linux had no chance as an operating system at all; two or three years ago they said it had no chance on the desktop," he said. But the fact that the subject is getting more attention and criticism today, he continued, is simply because Linux is getting a higher profile. "Everybody knows what Linux is nowadays," Ganten said.

"There's no indication that Linux as a desktop system has no chance medium- to long-term," he added.

Bruce Perens, a longtime Linux developer currently on staff at Hewlett-Packard as the company's senior open-source and Linux strategist, said the pieces are only just falling into place for Linux to compete successfully in the desktop market.

Thanks to products such as Sun Microsystems' Open Office, an open-source version of its desktop software suite StarOffice; Ximian's e-mail management software Evolution; and the open-source Web browser Mozilla, the average home or office user has just about everything he or she could need for desktop use, Perens said.

"We can satisfy maybe 80 percent of users and not make them upgrade every two years," he said, referring to Microsoft's regular updates to its Windows products. "We have a good chance."

Ganten said it will take time, and more user-friendly applications, to convince non-techies to consider making the switch.

"The desktop market moves a lot more slowly than the server market," where Linux has already captured a large share, he said. "You have to get a lot of non-IT experts used to a new system."

Ganten pointed to some promising statistics: 10 percent of all PC users who are considering acquiring or setting up a new machine, whether privately or professionally, plan to use Linux, according to a study carried out by the German opinion-survey organization TNS Emnid on behalf of Linux vendor SuSE Linux.

Similarly, he said, IDC figures show that Linux has about 4 percent of the desktop market -- which compares favorably with the 5 percent to 6 percent enjoyed by Apple's Macintosh OS.

Users in private companies and small businesses would be more likely to give Linux a chance if they knew how many companies are already using Linux for some functions, said Alfred Schröder, chief executive officer of open-source software provider Gonicus.

Too many organizations already using Linux keep quiet about it "because it seems too complicated to explain," Schröder said. "I think if more institutions go public with their use of Linux and open source and say, 'O.K., we're using it, and it works,' that will help increase trust."

Many Linux advocates point to the operating system's better security record than its archrival, Microsoft's Windows. But a Microsoft executive rejected the accusation.

Last year Microsoft issued 100 security bulletins for its entire product line, whereas there were 137 security bulletins for Red Hat's Linux code base alone, said Microsoft executive Norman Heydenreich.

"There's no objective reality that Windows is more vulnerable to security breaches," he said, adding that Microsoft is making security issues a top priority in future developments.

Schröder refused to accept the Microsoft argument, however. A higher number of Linux-related security bulletins simply points to the large developer community examining the source code and checking for problems, he said.

Even if Linux does not succeed in making inroads in the desktop market, there's huge growth potential for the open-source operating system on servers and on new, pervasive Internet devices, said Erich Clementi, IBM's vice president for system sales in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa.

"I don't believe that Linux will replace Windows. It's always a question of which problem you are trying to solve. It's not about purity, it's about interoperability, and the market will decide," he said.